Cottage Rose Enterprises: Product Ingredients

Sweet almond oil is a great emollient and is used extensively for softening and conditioning the skin. It is well suited for people who suffer from eczema, psoriasis and itchy, dry and inflamed skin as it is moisturizing and soothing. It is rich in essential fatty acids and vitamins A, B1, B2, B6 and E. Sweet almond oil is light and penetrates easily making it a great massage oil or after bath oil. We use it in creams, lotions, lotion bars, balms, scrubs, massage oils, bath fizzies, bath salts and soap. There are two varieties of almond trees: one with bitter seeds that is closely related to the wild species, and the other which produces sweet almonds. The oil has anti-aging, revitalizing, moisturizing and nourishing properties.

INCI Nomenclature: Prunus amygdalus dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Apricot kernel oil is a light but rich oil that is high in oleic and linoleic acids. It is similar to sweet almond oil and is readily absorbed into the skin. It is especially good for mature skin, sensitive skin and skin that is inflamed or dry. Apricot kernel oil makes a wonderful massage oil for babies and adults and is we use it in creams, lotions, balms, and soaps.

INCI Nomenclature: Prunus armeniaca (Apricot) Kernel Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Avocado oil has been used in African skin treatments for centuries. This highly therapeutic oil is rich in vitamins A, B1, B2, B5 (Panthothenic acid), Vitamin D, E, minerals, protein, lecithin and fatty acids. It is a useful, penetrating nutrient for dry skin and eczema. Avocado oil is said to have healing and regenerating qualities. We use it in creams, lotions, balms, body butters, hair oils and lip balms.

INCI Nomenclature: Persea gratissima (Avocado) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed and Refined

Calendula oil is most recognized for its ability to help heal external wounds and abrasions. The oil is created by infusing calendula petals in soybean oil. We use calendula oil to make healing salves, lotions, creams, lotion bars and more for chapped, dry or damaged skin.

INCI Nomenclature: Glycine Soya (Soybean) Oil (and) Calendula officinalis (Flower) Extract
Extraction Method: Maceration

Camelina oil, also known as Gold of Pleasure, is obtained from the plant Camelina sativa. It is also known as False Flax. It is a very rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Camelina oil is particularly high in linolenic and a-linolenic acid and therefore, has a very beneficial effect on the skin as it also improves elasticity. It provides a protective coating for hair follicles and for this reason is commonly used in our hair care products.

INCI Nomenclature: Camelina sativa (Camelina) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Carrot oil is rich in beta carotene, vitamins A and E and pro-vitamin A which helps to heal dry, chapped and cracked skin. Carrot oil helps to balance the moisture in our skin, and it conditions hair. Carrot oil is a good oil for the face. The oil is created by infusing carrot root in soybean oil.

INCI Nomenclature: Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil (and) Daucus carota sativa (Carrot) Root Extract
Extraction Method: Maceration

Castor oil is rich in fatty acids. It is very soothing and lubricating to the skin. It acts as a humectant attracting moisture to the skin. We have used it in hair treatments, skin balms, and other wonderful products. The oil will penetrate the skin carrying the essential oils with it. This is a great treatment for arthritis and deep muscle aches.

INCI Nomenclature: Ricinus communis (Castor) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed and Refined

Coconut oil is extracted from dried coconuts, also known as copra. The coconuts are cut and dried until the moisture content of the meat is minimized. The dried copra is then grated and expeller pressed to remove the oil. Finally, the oil is refined to produce an oil suitable for consumption. Coconut oil is a very good carrier oil for dry, itchy, sensitive skin. It will not clog pores and it absorbs readily into the skin. Coconut oil is light and non-greasy and is an excellent cleanser.

INCI Nomenclature: Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed and Refined

Grapeseed oil is rich in vitamins, minerals, linoleic acid and other essential fatty acids which help strengthen tissue cells and help preserve the natural moisture of the skin. It is a good, light, slightly astringent, penetrating oil for massage. We add this one to our lotions, massage oils, creams, lip balms, eye creams, soaps and special formulations intended for dry, damaged or aging skin.

INCI Nomenclature: Vitis vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Solvent Extracted

This imported hemp seed oil is pressed from the finest seeds available. Hemp oil has the lowest amount of saturated fatty acids and the highest amount of the polyunsaturated essential fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acids) making it a key ingredient in anti-inflammatory skin care formulations. Hemp oil is said to aid in the healing of skin lesions, dry skin, inflammations of the skin and joints.

INCI Nomenclature: Cannabis sativa (Hemp) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Jojoba is a liquid wax. Jojoba offers the traits of both oils and wax to make it a great ingredient in soaps, creams, lotions, balms and massage oils. It is highly penetrating and closely resembles our natural sebum. Used in facial blends to remove excess oils and to help balance the natural skin oils. Jojoba contains a natural anti-inflammatory called myristic acid and is therefore, is a good oil for arthritis and rheumatism.

INCI Nomenclature: Simmondsia chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed, Pasteurized and Filtered

Macadamia nut oil has a high content of palmitoleic acid which makes it an effective anti-oxidant. It is suitable for all skin types but is particularly good for dry or mature skin because of its high percentage of palmitoleic acid. The palmitoleic acid protects the skin just like human sebum does. It penetrates and hydrates the skin quickly making it an ideal ingredient in lotions, creams, balms, massage oils and bath oils.

INCI Nomenclature: Macadamia ternifolia Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Meadowfoam is an herbaceous winter annual plant native to the pacific Northwest area of the United States. The oil from the Meadowfoam plant was recognized for its outstanding oxidative stability. Meadowfoam oil was developed to replace sperm whale oil in the 1970s, in an effort to protect the species. Meadowfoam oil is said to moisturize the skin and hair better than most oils, and it helps prevent moisture loss. In shampoos and hair care products, it helps add shine and moisture to the hair and scalp. In lipsticks and lip balms, it helps revitalize dry, cracked lips and keeps them moist longer. In lipsticks and other makeup, it provides adhesion so they stay on longer.

INCI Nomenclature: Limnanthes alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Olive oil is high in oleic acid and is therefore a good skin cell regenerator. It is used in soaps, creams, balms, body butters, herbal infusions and hair preparations. Olive oil is a humectrant which means it attracts external moisture to the skin and still allows normal functions of the skin to take place (sweating, shedding of dead skin and releasing sebum). It is useful as a massage oil for rheumatic conditions and as a treatment for inflamed skin. Olive oil is suitable for all skin types.

INCI Nomenclature: Olea europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Palm oil can be used in balms, body butters and stick formulations where more rigidity is required.

INCI Nomenclature: Elaeis guineensis (Palm) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed and Refined

Palm kernel oil is very similar to coconut oil in that it has a high percentage of lauric acid, and we use it to harden our soaps and in many of the bars and thicker butters.

INCI Nomenclature: Elaeis guineensis (Palm) Kernel Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed and Refined

Pure peach kernel oil is very similar to apricot kernel oil. It is a light, penetrating oil that is good for mature or sensitive skin. I use peach kernel oil to make light creams and lotions, massage oils and more. Peach kernel oil is a great oil for lip balms because it absorbs easily and does not leave a greasy feeling.

INCI Nomenclature: Prunus persica (Peach) Kernel Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Rice bran oil is particularly high in fatty acids and rich in unsaponifiables. It has some anti-oxidizing properties as well as some sunscreen properties. I use rice bran oil in formulations where softening and moisturizing properties are needed. It is good for mature, delicate or sensitive skin. Rice bran oil is especially good for face and hair formulations or baby formulations, so look for this in the baby product line and the oriental jasmine rice bran facial soap.

Safflower oil has a very high percentage of linoleic acid. It, therefore, helps to moisturize, nourish and restructure the skin. Safflower oil is a nice oil for use in many of our balms, creams and some of our lip balms. Look for it in salt and sugar scrubs as well as bath bombs and dispersing bath oils.

INCI Nomenclature: Carthamus tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Seabuckthorn is an extraordinary plant that has been recognized for centuries in Eurasia for its exceptional medicinal and nutritional benefits. The berries of seabuckthorn are so rich in vitamins and nutrients that it has been speculated that the plant must have been cultivated by ancient plant-breeders. The oil of seabuckthorn has general nourishing, revitalizing, and restorative action. It can be used for acne, dermatitis, irritated, dry, itching skin, sore skin, eczema, skin ulcers, postpartum pigmentation, burns, scalds, cuts, and tissue regeneration. The stimulation of tissue regeneration is helpful in the treatment of burns, bedsores and poorly healing wounds. It helps reduce the damaging effects of sun radiation. Seabuckthorn oil effectively combats wrinkles, dryness and other symptoms of malnourished or prematurely aging skin and is utilized in anti-aging skin creams and lotions. The berries appear to be an unsurpassed natural source of vitamins A and E, carotenes and flavonoids. Seabuckthorn berries are second only to Rose hips and Acerola in vitamin C content. They are also rich in several other vitamins, including B1, B2, K and P as well as in more than two dozen microelements. Major EFAs are oleic and linoleic. Others are pentadecenoic, palmitoleic, heptadecenoic, linolenic, eicosenoic, eicosadienoic, erucic and nervonic. Among the carotenes found in Seabuckthorn are alfa- and beta-carotenes, lycopene, cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, taraxanthin and phytofluin. Tocopherols are mostly vitamin E and gamma-tocopherol. Phytosterols of sea buckthorn include beta-sitosterol, beta-amirol and erithrodiol. Taken internally, it can help prevent gums from bleeding, recuperate mucous membranes, heal peptic and duodenal ulcers, urinary tract and cervical erosion, solar and cancer radiation injuries and is a source of carotenes, phytosterols, and EFAs.

Origin: China
INCI Nomenclature: Hippophae rhamnoides (Seabuckthorn) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Sesame oil is rich in essential fatty acids and helps to maintain integrity of the skin tissue while restructuring and moisturizing the skin. It is a heavy oil and is blended with lighter oils. Sesame oil makes a very nice massage oil, bath oil and sun care oil.

INCI Nomenclature: Sesamum indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Shea oil has all of the wonderful properties of shea butter and is used in baby formulations, sun protection products, lip care products, hair care products and more.

INCI Nomenclature: Butyrospermum parkii (Shea) Seed Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Soybean oil is about 60% polyunsaturated fatty acids and is a good source of vitamin E. It is used in soaps and bath oils.

INCI Nomenclature: Glycine soja (Soybean) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Tamanu oil, also known as Foraha oil in Africa, is obtain by mechanically crushing the dried nuts of the Tamanu tree. The Tamanu tree is typically found in the Pacific and Asian Tropical regions. The oil is rich and deep in color, and it smells similar to butter pecan ice cream. Tamanu oil has a soothing effect on the skin, and it helps to relieve irritations such as sun burn, inflammation and general rashes. Tamanu oil also helps regenerate skin cells and has a hydrating effect on the skin. Research shows that Tamanu oil is a strong anti-inflammatory, making it useful for the treatment of rheumatism, eczema and inflammatory skin conditions. The oil has been used for its ability to help heal cuts and wounds while acting as a germicide to prevent infection. We use tamanu oil undiluted as a treatment for eczema, psoriasis, cuts and wounds or in creams and lotions for general treatment of dry skin. Tamanu oil can also be healing in lip balms and lotion bars as well as body and face creams.

INCI Nomenclature: Calophyllum inophyllum (Tamanu) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble vitamin composed of 8 naturally occurring compounds. The fractions are called alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, eta, gamma and zeta tocopherol, and four other substances called tocotrienols. While each of these compounds exhibits different biological activities, d-alpha tocopherol has the highest biological activity and is the most widely available form of vitamin E in food.

Since the alpha tocopherol activity is most responsible for the effectiveness of the product, the potency of Vitamin E oil is measured by its alpha tocopherol content. It is important to known the IU of the vitamin E oil you are using. A 200 IU/g Vitamin E contains 200 units of alpha tocopherol per gram of oil and the rest of it is unspecified amounts of the beta, delta, epsilon and other components. 1 international unit (IU) of vitamin E is equal to 1 mg of the synthetic form racemic alpha -tocopherol acetate.

While the alpha tocopherol can be isolated from the other components, studies have shown that it is more stable and has a longer shelf life when it is in its original family structure with its non-alpha tocopherols unless it is transformed into tocopheryl. Furthermore, the full activity of the other fractions is still unknown, and some manufacturers of vitamin E prefer to preserve the natural form.

The most important and well known biological function of vitamin E is related to its anti-oxidant properties. Internally, Vitamin E is the most effective anti-oxidant in the biological membrane. It protects cellular structures against damage from free radicals and the byproducts of fat peroxidation. It acts as a free radical scavenger to prevent the byproducts of chemical-cell interaction to cause cell damage. Vitamin E may help to decrease the toxicity of certain chemotherapy drugs.

When used topically, Vitamin E may decrease some of the harmful effects of solar radiation on the skin. It is commonly used in lotions or creams for burn treatment. It is also helpful to treat burns secondary to radiation therapy. Combine with emu oil for a burn treatment.

Vitamin E oil is often prescribed for topical use in pregnant women to prevent stretch marks on the abdomen. More recently it has been used to prevent or treat mucositis resulting from chemotherapy. It can help heal acne, promote wound healing and prevent scarring from eczema or psoriasis. Topical vitamin E moisturizes the skin from within, reduces UV induced damage, helps to protect against ozone damage and decreases erythema (redness of the skin) after sun exposure. This makes it appropriate for use in sun care products including lip balms.

Since the alpha tocopherol is responsible for repairing, healing and protecting skin, use the high alpha tocopherol Natural Vitamin E Oil (250, 1000, or 1400 IU) in your skin care formulations for skin softening/healing purposes.

Wheatgerm oil is rich is vitamins A, D and more importantly, E. It is also very nourishing to the skin. Wheatgerm oil prevents moisture loss from the skin, and it soothes irritated, sunburned, or burned skin. Wheatgerm oil makes a wonderful massage oil.

INCI Nomenclature: Triticum vilgare (Wheat) Germ Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

T50, natural mixed tocopherols, is a natural, heat stable antioxidant that protects food and cosmetic products from oxidation. If you need to add vitamin E oil to protect your formulation from rancidity, use our T-50 Vitamin E oil instead of our 250IU/g, 1000IU/g and 1400IU/g Vitamin E oils. While the alpha tocopherol in the 250, 1000, and 1400IU/g oils is wonderful as an in-vitro anti-oxidant, studies show that the gamma tocopherol in the Vitamin E T-50 oil is a better anti-oxidant for oils/lipids in cosmetic formulations. Low alpha, mixed tocopherols, T-50, has a higher content of gamma tocopherols.

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BUTTERS

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Aloe Butter is an extraction of Aloe Vera using a fatty coconut fraction to produce a soft-solid which melts on contact with the skin. It aids in rapid hydration of dry skin caused by eczema, psoriasis, rosacea, sun burn, wind burn, and general chapping. Aloe butter is suitable for a variety of skin care applications including use in lotions, soaps, skin creams and lip balms. Use it to enhance moisturization and to include the properties of aloe in your formulations.

INCI Nomenclature: Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract

Cocoa butter is a pure, crushed cocoa butter. It has the beautiful, rich aroma of dark chocolate. Cocoa butter is an emollient that has been used for centuries in Africa as a skin care product. It has been used to heal and moisturize skin that has been exposed to the elements. It also helps reduce the formation of stretch marks during pregnancy by keeping the skin supple. We find that it makes a wonderful ingredient in lotion bars, lip balms, body butters, soaps and belly balms for expectant mothers.

Mango butter is obtained from the kernels of the mango tree. It has a high content of stearic acid which makes it similar to cocoa butter. Mango butter has good emolliency and lends protection against the sun. It is said to prevent drying of the skin and formation of wrinkles. Mango butter also reduces degeneration of skin cells and restores elasticity. It is also sold as is to provide relief from the dryness of eczema and psoriasis.

INCI Nomenclature: Mangifera indica (Mango) Seed Butter
Shelf Life: 1 2 Years

African healers have used shea butter for thousands of years as the ideal treatment for dry or aging skin. Its high content of non-saponifiable fatty acids gives it the ability to moisturize and retain the elasticity of the skin. Shea butter also helps to protect the skin against the damaging effects of the sun while repairing cellular degeneration. Shea butter can be used "as is" or in any proportion in formulations for moisturizing the skin or hair.

INCI Nomenclature: Butyrospermum parkii (Shea Butter) Fruit
Extraction Method: Crushed & Refined

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ESSENTIAL OILS and HERBAL ADDITIVES

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Acacia trees originate in Africa, are usually thorny and have a gray, deeply cracked trunk and spreading branches. The white nectar-filled flowers have an intoxicating fragrance, which hang in clusters or grow in long spikes. The fruit is a hanging, brown-colored pod containing 10-12 hard seeds. Acacia wax and extract have wonderful softening, emollient and anti-oxidant properties.

Amber is delicately welcoming, enveloped by a blend of exotic Oriental fragrances. Beautifully joines the high toned sweetness of vanilla with a mid level bouquet of spices, deepening out across a base of frankincense, myrrh and other lower tones.

Lavender Essential Oil: Lavender grows wild on the sunny slopes of the Alps in France. The flowers are harvested at the end of flowering and quickly distilled to give an essential oil with a fresh, herbaceous fragrance. The AOC (controlled origin label) is given to the purest Lavender the one that grows above 800m altitude in haute provence. When available, this highest quality lavender is the form purchased. Many other qualities are available for over the counter purchase.

Bulgarian Basil: Basil acts as a nerve tonic and helps with fatigue, depression, increases alertness, aids in concentration, relieves headaches, head congestion, migraines and muscular aches and pains. Basil helps regulate the menstrual cycle, reduces menstrual cramps, and can help relieve discomfort with engorged breasts. Basil is anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-spasmodic and is useful as an insect repellent. Basil blends nicely with rosemary and citrus oils.

Do not use if you are pregnant or have a seizure disorder. Use sparingly on the skin because it can cause irritation.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Ocimum basilicum (Basil) Oil
Extraction: Steam Distilled

Bergamot is refined from essence glands on the trunk and fruit of the tree. It has a light, fresh, floral citrus scent that is uplifting, rejuvenating, and balancing. It helps to alleviate fatigue due to stress. Bergamot restores appetite, combats colic, strengthens the immune system, reduces fever and is generally very relaxing and calming. Bergamot is known to help relieve skin irritations, and is helpful in the treatment of eczema, psoriasis, acne, wounds, ulcers and herpes. It helps to balance an oily complexion and helps repel insects. Use carefully in skin preparations as citrus oils are known photosensitizers.

Strong photosensitizer. Do not use on skin within 4 hours of exposure to the sun. Avoid during pregnancy. Not for use on babies or young children.

Origin: Italy
INCI Nomenclature: Citrus bergamia (Bergamot) oil
Extraction: Cold Pressed

Organic black spruce is an uplifting oil that is recommended for exhaustion, mental tension, muscle aches and stiffness and respiratory congestion. It has a fresh and clean aroma. Black spruce combines nicely with lavenders, citruses and florals.

Origin: Canada
INCI Nomenclature: Picea mariana (Black Spruce) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Clary sage is a beautiful deep rich earthy and herbaceous oil with just a bare hint of floral. It calms and balances the soul. Clary sage is considered to be a mildly sedating oil, and it reduces stress and brings on a feeling of tranquility. It is especially balancing on female hormones and can be used to treat PMS, menstrual cramps, postnatal depression, menopause and irregular cycles.

Do not use when pregnant. Due to its sedating properties, avoid use of clary sage while driving or drinking.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Salvia sclarea (Clary Sage) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Coriander Essential Oil: Coriander is a warm, sweet and spicy oil with a unique, pleasant aroma. Coriander the herb is a byproduct of cilantro - it is what comes from pressing the oils from the seed pods of the cilantro. It blends well with other spice oils, citruses, and some florals. It has anti-bacterial properties and is a good oil to diffuse during the cold season. Coriander oil can be used in muscle rubs to warm and relax tense muscles.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Coriandrum officinalis (Coriander) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Cypress is a wonderful evergreen oil that is safe to use neat on the skin, and is usually used in a massage blend or as an inhalant. It is astringent and is good for oily skin. It is used to relieve stress and is emotionally comforting, helps in increasing concentration, assists with varicose veins and circulation in general, is it detoxifying when used in a bath, is a good diuretic and is helpful for asthma, hay fever, coughs and bronchitis. Cypress oil is very soothing when used in a steam shower or sauna.

Due to the diuretic properties, use caution if you have pre-existing medical conditions. Consult your physician first.

Origin: France
INCI Nomenclature: Cupressus sempervirens (Cypress) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

English Chamomile is a wonderfully relaxing oil. It helps to promote sleep, relaxation and calmness. Chamomile is helpful for little ones who need help unwinding before bedtime. In a massage blend, it helps ease aches and pains. Chamomile is also useful for menstrual cramps and headaches. English chamomile is sweeter than other chamomiles and works nicely in fragrance blends.

Origin: England
INCI Nomenclature: Anthemis nobilis (Chamomile) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Eucalyptus globulus is best known for its respiratory effects and relief for congestion. It is highly anti-microbial and is an excellent oil to use during the winter months. Use it in a diffuser to help keep colds away. Eucalyptus globulus stimulates circulation and warms the body, increases concentration, and is useful for relieving rheumatic aches and pains. Use it in a steam shower or sauna to help relieve cold and flu congestion. Dabbed on carefully with a cotton swap, it can help stop the irritation of a bug bite. Eucalyptus globulus is useful as an insect repellent and as a treatment for lice and athletes foot.

Use Eucalyptus globulus at half strength in the diffuser for childrens rooms.

Origin: China
INCI Nomenclature: Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Fennel has a sweet, licorice-like aroma. It is best known for its usefulness as a digestive aid, and it helps to relieve gas and indigestion. Fennel is often recommended for nursing mothers to increase milk flow and production. It is good in PMS blends and helps alleviate painful breasts during menstrual cycles. Fennel is a good diuretic, cleansing oil, and is useful in baths for detoxification. It eases stress, has a mild sedative effect yet is also uplifting. Fennel can be a bit overpowering, so use it sparingly with other oils such as lavender, lemon, rose, sandalwood, basil, cypress and bergamot.

Do not use during pregnancy or on babies and small children. Do not use if you suffer from epilepsy.

Origin: Hungary
INCI Nomenclature: Foeniculum vulgare dulce (Fennel) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Balsam fir has a crisp, clean Christmas tree aroma that is uplifting, warming and calming. It is typically used to treat bronchial congestion/infection and arthritis. Fir oil is very soothing when used in a steam shower or sauna. Fir blends nicely with many oils including the citruses, florals, mints, woods and spices.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Pinus balsamea (Fir) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Frankincense is an ancient oil that has been used for centuries for meditation and spiritual practices. It helps center the mind and calm the spirit. Frankincense is a good expectorant, and it can help relieve asthma and other bronchial congestive problems. Frankincense is woody, balsamic, and slightly spicy.

Origin: Somalia
INCI Nomenclature: Boswellia carteri (Frankincense) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Geranium is considered to be a womans oil because of its hormone balancing effect. It has been used to treat menstrual, menopausal, and infertility problems. Geranium helps relieve mastitis. It is useful in blends to aid wounds and burns. Geranium is a good oil for skin problems such as eczema, psoriasis and shingles. Geranium oil is also emotionally balancing. It combines nicely with oils such as bay, orange, rose, bergamot, clary sage, sandalwood, lavender, chamomile, lemon and other oils. Geranium also acts as an insect repellent and can be used in outdoor lotion bars.

Origin: China
INCI Nomenclature: Pelargonium graveolens (Geranium) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic german chamomile has a very high content of azulene, and the azulene gives it a very deep blue color. Azulene is an effective anti-inflammatory agent making german chamomile the oil of choice for skin inflammation, infections, dry, itchy skin, insect bites, acne and other irritations.

Origin: Canada
INCI Nomenclature: Matricaria Recutita (German Chamomile) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Ginger (Sweet): This oil has all the properties of regular ginger oil, but it is slightly sweeter with less "zing." Ginger is used frequently as a natural remedy. It has a warm, strong, spicy aroma. It is relaxing yet can also be stimulating. It helps relieve nausea, indigestion, alleviates soreness and stiffness in muscles, increases circulation and strengthens the immune system during the cold season. It is nice to add to winter-time bath soaks and muscle rubs. Ginger oil blends well with citrus oils, sandalwood, frankincense, cedarwood, and palmarosa.

Ginger oil is very strong, and it must be diluted significantly before using on skin or in the bath. Use it with caution during pregnancy.

Origin: Indonesia
INCI Nomenclature: Zingiber officinale (Ginger) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic pink grapefruit is a little sweeter than white grapefruit oil. Grapefruit has a fresh, clean, uplifting aroma. It is wonderfully uplifting and can help treat mood swings, anger, depression and stress. It acts on the lymphatic system, helps detoxify the liver, acts as a diuretic, helps to reduce cellulite, is a good astringent for balancing oily skin and hair, and is useful as a toner. Grapefruit oil can be added to body wrap blends to aid in cellulite mobilization and elimination.

Origin: USA
INCI Nomenclature: Citrus paradisi (Grapefruit) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Hyssop is useful for skin problems such as dermatitis and for minor cuts and bruises. Used in a diffuser, it can help with respiratory conditions.

Origin: Hungary
INCI Nomenclature: Hyssopus officinalis (Hyssop) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic helichrysum, also known as Immortelle or Everlasting, is a warm, sweet and woody oil with the strongest anti-inflammatory properties of all the essential oils. It can be used neat on bruises, and it works extremely well in massage blends for muscles aches, and rheumatism. It is highly anti-bacterial and anti-fungal and is a good oil to add to anti-acne blends. To treat scars, add helichrysum to a mixture of emu and carrot oil. Mentally, helichrysum is an uplifting oil that promotes emotional healing from past traumas. At over $200 an ounce, it is one of our more expensive additives.

Origin: France
INCI Nomenclature: Helichrysum italicum (Immortelle) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Jasmine absolute has a beautiful, rich, floral aroma that is irresistible. Jasmine is used to treat depression, insomnia, nervous tension and infertility. Its aroma is soothing and calming and can bring about a restful state to those who are suffering from emotional trauma. It is said to act as an aphrodisiac. Dilute the absolute in jojoba and use the diluted blend to fragrance your most special and most sensual formulations.

Origin: India
INCI Nomenclature: Jasminum sambac (Jasmine) Extract
Extraction Method: Solvent Extracted

Juniper berry oil has a warm, woody, peppery, pine smell that is uplifting and strengthening. It was used by Native Americans to purify the air. It is highly anti-septic and can be diffused during illness. Juniper berry oil can be used as an astringent for the skin and hair and in anti-cellulite massage blends. Add juniper berry oil to body wraps and anti-cellulite salt soaks.

Origin: India
INCI Nomenclature: Juniperus communis (Juniper Berry) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Juniper (Cade): This essential oil is obtained from the verries of the small thorny bush, and is extracted by steam. It has purifying, sebum regulating properties and is used heavily in hair products and products for oily skin.

Lavendula: If you dont like lavender, you may be delightfully surprised when you try organic Lavandula abrialis. This is a soft floral lavender hybrid like no other. Lavandula abrialis was one of the first hybrid lavenders produced. It is somewhat rare and still only represents about 10% of the lavender produced in France. Use Lavandula abrialis for special blends and for babies and children. It is a good lavender to use for dream pillows where the camphorous lavenders might not be appreciated.

Origin: France
INCI Nomenclature: Lavandula hybrida abrialis (Lavender) Oil
Extraction Method:Steam Distilled

Our Bulgarian lavender is a high quality, full-bodied lavender that is less camphorous than most lavenders. Those who dont typically like the camphorous scent of lavender will probably like this one. Enough cant be said about the uses and properties of lavender. It is a must have for the remedy chest. It can be used to relax and relieve stress, relieve headaches, help reduce high blood pressure and heal burns and wounds. It kills germs and can be used in a diffuser to purify the air and reduce the spread of colds and viruses. It helps to reduce cramps. This is the safest oil to use for babies and children, but of course should still be used properly diluted.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Lavandula officinalis (Lavender) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic lemon oil smells just like a fresh cut lemon. Lemon oil possesses strong germicidal disinfectant properties, and it makes a wonderful air purifier. Lemon oil is popular because of its clean, fresh scent, and it blends very nicely with many other oils. The astringency of lemon makes it good for oily skin and hair. It can also help with bronchial problems and asthma, and it stimulates concentration. Lemon oil is said to reduce cellulite when used in body massage oils, body wraps and anti-cellulite salt soaks. When smokers are present, diffusing lemon oil helps rid the air of second-hand smoke.

Origin: Italy
INCI Nomenclature: Citrus limonum (Lemon) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Lemongrass is stimulating, refreshing, increases alertness and concentration, relieves fatigue, aids in digestion, relieves aching muscles, soothes gastric infections and acts as an insect repellent. Used on the skin in highly diluted form, it is astringent and helps treat acne and oily skin. Lemongrass acts as a good skin toner, but it must be well diluted and used with care. Lemongrass blends well with bergamot, cedarwood, geranium, citronella, rosemary, lavender, palmarosa, tea tree and other oils.

Origin: India
INCI Nomenclature: Cymbopogon flexuosus (Lemongrass) Oil

Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Licorice (Anise) is a perennial woody plant growing up to 3 feet in height. It has long, thin, green leaves and white to bluish-purple flowers growing at the end of long stalks. In cosmetics it is used for its softening, moisturizing, revitalizing and antiseptic properties. The oil of this aromatic seed has an aroma similar to licorice. It is useful in the treatment of digestive and respiratory ailments. In a massage blend, anise seed oil can help alleviate muscular aches and pains, indigestion and flatulence. Anise is also useful in thinning and expulsion of bronchial mucus. When used in soap, anise is said to mask human odors, making it great in a fishermans or hunters soap.

Origin: Hungary
INCI Nomenclature: Pimpinella anisum (Anise Seed) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Lime oil smells like a freshly sliced lime, and it has all the same therapeutic and blending properties of lemon. It can be used in much the same way. Lime oil blends very nicely with florals, other citruses, clary sage and lavender. For a masculine aftershave, try a blend with bay.

Origin: USA
INCI Nomenclature: Citrus aurantifolia (Lime) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Litsea, also known as May Chang, has been used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat digestive disorders, headaches, aches, pains and nausea. It can also be used to treat acne, oily skin, asthma, and flatulence. It is very popular in perfumes because of its lemony scent. It can help to anchor other citrus top notes that seem to fade quickly. Litsea blends well with florals and other citrus oils.

Origin: China
INCI Nomenclature: Litsea cubeba (Litsea) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Marjoram oil has a warm, spicy aroma that blends nicely with citrus, rosewood, clary sage, lavender and other oils. It is a strong sedative. Marjoram is anti-spasmodic and can relieve muscle pain, cramps, headaches, migraines and stiffness. It helps normalize blood pressure and can help ease emotional suffering. Marjoram promotes menstrual flow.

Do not use during pregnancy. Due to its sedating properties, avoid use while driving or drinking.

Origin: Egypt
INCI Nomenclature: Origanum majorana (Marjoram) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Myrrh has a rich, earthy, woody and balsamic aroma. It is a powerful anti-septic and astringent and can be used to heal infected wounds. It helps clear mucus from the lungs and is useful for chronic bronchitis. Myrrh can help with weeping eczema and gum disease, and it makes an excellent mouth wash. It strengthens the immune system and has an overall beneficial effect on the digestive system. Myrrh blends well with lavender, frankincense, sandalwood, sage, and citrus oils.

Origin: North Africa
INCI Nomenclature: Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Niaouli is a strong anti-septic, anti-bacterial oil. It is useful during the cold season to treat head and chest colds. Niaouli can help relieve skin conditions like psoriasis and acne, and it can quickly heal wounds and burns. Niaouli is a good pick me up oil to have in the remedy chest. Niaouli blends nicely with basil, citrus oils, lavender, tea tree and eucalyptus.

Origin: Australia
INCI Nomenclature: Melaleuca quinquenervia (Niaouli) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Sweet orange oil smells like a freshly peeled orange. Orange is an uplifting, refreshing oil that is used to aid in digestion, flatulence and nausea. It relieves stress and anxiety. Sweet orange oil will help with colic in babies and helps to reduce fever and headaches. Orange blends nicely with many other oils and is often used in potpourri and home fragrancing products. Orange oil can be an effective grease cutter, and it has become popular in some commercial cleaners.

Origin: Spain
INCI Nomenclature: Citrus sinensis (Sweet Orange) Oil
Extraction Method: Cold Expeller Pressed

Palmarosa oil is similar in scent to geranium oil, and it is sometimes mistakenly sold as Rose geranium. Palmarosa helps calm the nervous system and acts as a natural balancer. It aids in digestion, helps with skin problems, treats acne, rejuvenates mature skin, is said to be good for stretch marks and is good for both oily and dry skin. Emotionally, palmarosa is said to help in the release of anger and grief. Palmarosa blends nicely with bergamot, rose, geranium, citrus oils, ylang ylang and other floral oils.

Origin: India
INCI Nomenclature: Cymbopogon martini (Palmarosa) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Patchouli has a warm, mellow, earthy scent that was especially popular in the 1960s. It is an effective anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and stress reliever. Patchouli helps to tighten the pores of the skin and is used to combat wrinkles. It regulates oily skin and dandruff and mobilizes cellulite for elimination. When used in a diffuser, patchouli helps to break up mucous and helps to reduce fever. Patchouli is also used for the treatment of acne, eczema, psoriasis, sores and burns. Patchouli is a popular oil for bath and skin care, and it blends nicely with sandalwood, cedarwood, orange, rose, geranium and other florals. It has a sedative effect when used in small quantities.

Origin: Indonesia
INCI Nomenclature: Pogostemon cablini (Patchouli) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Redistilled peppermint oil has a cleaner scent of peppermint and a higher content of menthol than the 1st distillation. We find that it produces a stronger mint scent in soaps and toiletries. Peppermint will relieve a headache or indigestion, reduce mental fatigue, increase alertness, relieve nausea, relieve itching and help you stay awake when necessary. Use peppermint in a foot scrub or lotion to cool and soothe achy tired feet and to treat athletes foot or fungal problems. It repels insects effectively. It is a popular oil for bath products and pick me up remedies. Peppermint blends well with lavender, orange, geranium, rosemary, juniper and other insect repellent oils.

Origin: China
INCI Nomenclature: Mentha piperita (Peppermint) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled (Redistilled)

Petitgrain has been used throughout the history of perfumery for its light, fresh, floral citrus aroma. It is extracted from the leaves of the bitter orange tree. Petitgrain is calming and uplifting and can help with depression. It helps relax the mind and acts as a mild sedative., as well as the topical properties which include anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, purifying, revitalizing and toning of the skin. Petitgrain is also good for relieving stress and anxiety. Also known as Seville Orange.

Origin: France
INCI Nomenclature: Petitgrain bigarade (Petitgrain) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Aside from its lovely intoxicating, floral aroma, rose oil is known for its balancing effect on female hormones, its ability to calm the mind and its comfort for those suffering from grief or the loss of a loved one. It is commonly used in anti-depression blends and blends for menopause and irregular cycles. It is also useful in blends for the face as it helps with dry, maturing skin and wrinkles. Rose otto becomes semi-solid at cooler temperatures. At over $250 per ounce, this is a very precious essential oil.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Rosa damascena (Rose) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic ravensara is a "must have" oil for the flu season. It possesses powerful anti-septic, anti-viral and immuno-stimulant properties. Diffuse or create a steam inhalation for relief from respiratory conditions and to decrease the spread of an airborne virus.

Origin: Madagascar
INCI Nomenclature: Ravensara aromatica (Ravensara) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic Rosemary oil is herbaceous, sweet, and slightly camphorous in aroma. Rosemary oil is a stimulant, and it should be used with caution. It can help increase circulation and relieve pain in the joints. Rosemary can help control dandruff, oily scalp and skin, acne, and is said to encourage hair growth.

Avoid during pregnancy or if you suffer from high blood pressure or seizures.

Origin: Spain
INCI Nomenclature: Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distillation

Rosewood has a beautiful, somewhat sweet, floral aroma that is very balancing. It helps quiet the mind and works as an anti-depressant. Rosewood is also useful for balancing combination skin and is said to have a balancing effect on hormones. Rosewood blends well with florals, citrus oils, sandalwood, clary sage, bergamot and many other oils. This oil is obtained from a source that complies with government regulations to reforest.

Origin: Brazil
INCI Nomenclature: Aniba rosaeodora (Rosewood) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Sage oil is a strong oil, and should only be used when needed. Sage oil can be used to help stimulate the immune system and can help ease arthritic pains. It is also said to help stimulate hair growth when used well diluted. Use sage oil with caution as it can raise blood pressure and it can build up to toxic levels in the body if overused. It is safer to use Spanish sage in place of Salvia officinalis. Sage is recommended for use in gargles and mouthwashes for general oral care and in cases of throat infections and mouth ulcers.

Do not use when pregnant or while lactating. Do not use if you have high blood pressure. Do not use for use on babies and children.

Origin: Dalmatia
INCI Nomenclature: Salvia officinalis (Sage) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Our sandalwood is from India and has a beautiful rich, heavy, sensual aroma. It balances the mind and spirit, aids in meditation, calms the nervous system, and works as an aphrodisiac, especially for men. It has an astringent effect on oily skin and helps soothe irritated skin. Use sandalwood in facial blends to help balance the skin. It blends well with florals, bergamot, vetiver, patchouli, clove and orange oils. Sandalwood is a perfumers favorite.

Origin: India (Mysore)
INCI Nomenclature: Santalum album (Sandalwood) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Organic spikenard was used in ancient times as part of religious rituals. It has an earthy, strong aroma, similar in nature to patchouli or valerian. It is balancing, grounding and aids in inward reflection. It has been known to help alleviate headaches and migraines. It has been used in skin ailments and as part of beauty regimens. Spikenard is particularly helpful with conditions such as chronic dry, flaky skin, inflamed skin conditions and dandruff.

Origin: Nepal
INCI Nomenclature: Nardostachys jatamansi (Spikenard) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Tea tree oil is useful for stings, burns, wounds, and skin infections. Tea tree oil has gained immense recognition as the strongest anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-bacterial oil used in aromatherapy. It can be diffused or used neat, although it is much safer to dilute into a carrier oil. Anytime you use an essential oil neat you run the risk of mild skin sensation or irritation. Tea tree oil is a very popular addition to skin care formulations for its germ-killing properties. Diffuse it during the cold season to keep germs from spreading. Use tea tree in masks and toners to combat acne. Use it in lip balms to fight cold sores. Used in a balm, tea tree can help to quickly heal wounds and keep infection from setting in. Use it in mouthwashes to help treat oral disease.

INCI Nomenclature: Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Although it is solvent extracted, you can always find a use for this sweet, irresistible all too familiar aroma. The warm, sweet aroma of vanilla eases stress, brings on a feeling of comfort, and puts a smile on your face. Use it in room fragrance products, drawer sachets, and in the diffuser. It combines beautifully with spice oils, citrus oils, and some florals. Because it is solvent extracted, we do not recommend it for culinary use.

Origin: Brazil
INCI Nomenclature: Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla) Oil
Extraction Method: Solvent Extracted

Vetiver is an amber colored, thick essential oil that has a subtle but sweet, smoky, resin-like smell. It is very grounding, balancing and relaxing, and a "must have" for relaxing blends. It helps fix other scents as it lingers in the background. Vetiver blends beautifully with many oils. This oil is addictive!

Origin: Madagascar
INCI Nomenclature: Andropogon zizanioides (Vetiver) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Verbena oil has a sweet lemony scent, which has made it a popular oil in the fragrance industry. Aside from possessing anti-septic and anti-spasmodic properties, it is also a very effective insecticide. Verbena oil is highly phototoxic and is a strong skin sensitizer. It is not recommended for use in cosmetics or on the skin. In a diffuser, it can combat nausea, depression and sinus congestion. It blends well with basil, bergamot, chamomile, geranium, neroli, rose, and rosemary.

Origin: Spain
INCI Nomenclature: Lippia citriodora (Verbena) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Rich in azulene, Yarrow oil is often used for its anti-inflammatory and astringent properties to relieve itching and swelling due to insect bites and dry skin conditions. It is also helpful for wounds, oily hair and scalp and for hemorrhoids. Yarrow is also known to encourage hair growth.

Origin: Canada
INCI Nomenclature: Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

The sweet, highly floral, jasmine-like aroma of ylang ylang makes this oil irresistible. It is often used as an anti-depressant as well as a spiritual balancer. Use ylang ylang to treat frigidity and impotence in men. Ylang ylang has a reputation for acting as an aphrodisiac. Ylang ylang can balance hormones, treat PMS and menopausal symptoms. In some cases of infertility caused by amenorrhoea, it may help bring on periods. Ylang ylang can be used in a facial toner to balance oily skin. Used in a compress, it can help lower a fever. This is the oil from the first distillation. While the other distillations are fine for fragrancing, they are no substitute for the extra. Ylang ylang blends well with clary sage, rosewood, bergamot, vetiver, sandalwood, orange, mandarin and many other oils for truly exotic blends.

Origin: Madagascar
INCI Nomenclature: Cananga odorata (Ylang Ylang) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

Zdravetz, or true geranium, has a strong floral aroma and is mainly used in the perfume industry. Not much is known about this oil for therapeutic use. It, however, has been used extensively in Bulgaria where it is known for its aphrodisiac properties and for its balancing effects on female hormones. Zdravetz is said to lower blood sugar. It is useful as a fixative and blends beautifully with rose, geranium, clary sage, ylang ylang, and citrus oils.

Origin: Bulgaria
INCI Nomenclature: Geranium macrorhizum (Zdravetz) Oil
Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

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ADDITIVES

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Salts: Similar to the quality of sand found in the world-famous beaches of Destin, Florida, this salt is tightly packed and is a beautiful pale pink color with minerals particles of darker and different colors. No anti-caking agents are used in this all natural salt, at times it needs to be kneaded or gently broken up. Due to its extreme fineness, this salt is excellent for skin scrubs, including facials when used with care. This salt contains more than 50 natural trace minerals essential to human health, including natural iodine. This salt is beautiful when used in bath scrubs and other bath products. This salt is edible and is found in many supermarkets in the gourmet salts section; it provides many of the minerals not found in ordinary table salt. Salt cures aren't new. In the early 19th Century, sick people traveled to rudimentary spas such as French Lick Springs in Indiana and Big Bone Lick, Kentucky, to soak in salt springs. Today's more luxurious spas offer salt baths, glows, rubs and polishes to exfoliate dead skin, stimulate circulation and relieve stress. The ordinary table salt that most of us eat is too refined; it lacks the minerals we need. Also, yellow prussiate of soda and other additives and preservatives are added to traditional table salts to prevent caking, dextrose is even added to improve flavor. About half of all table salt is supplemented with potassium iodide, which wards off goiter. Our pink salt contains 50 natural occurring trace minerals like calcium, potassium, sulphur, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, manganese, copper, iodine and zinc. Our pink salt is Kosher-certified and is of U.S. origin.

Dead Sea Salts are mineral-rich and contain high proportions of Potassium, Magnesium and Bromide. Potassium helps regulate the moisture level of the skin, Magnesium helps promote healing, and Bromide has a smoothing and relaxing effect. Dead Sea salt exfoliates and revitalizes the skin and helps draw out toxins. Sea salt is well known for its ability to relieve aches and pains, reduce stiffness after exertion, relax the muscles and relieve skin problems such as acne, eczema and psoriasis.

The high mineral content of Dead Sea salt stimulates blood and lymphatic circulation. Increased circulation moves trapped fluid from joints, improving joint movement and reducing stiffness and pain. Regular use of salts promotes healthy skin by exfoliating and encouraging regeneration of new skin cells.

Red clay, a/k/a Moroccan clay, assists in drawing toxins and oils from the skin. Use no more than once weekly. Can also be used in soap as a colorant, experiment first with a small amount until you get a color you like. If used properly, the soap will obtain a beautiful shade of red, you may add more or less until you obtain your desired shade. A customer of ours makes an acne soap with red clay. Red clay is made up of naturally occuring dolomite, silica, ferric oxide and mineral oxides. Because of its drying nature it is effective in treating poison ivy/oak reactions and for rashes. It is an excellent clay for those with oily skin or acne. A facial red clay mask may help reduce wrinkles and signs of aging, will exfoliate and soften the skin. Safe to use on face and body, will reduce impurities and draw out toxins. Apply with clean fingers to clean skin, let dry 10 to 15 minutes, rinse off with warm water, pat skin dry, repeat once a week if necessary.

Bentonite clay (a combination of montmorillonite and volcanic ash) is a highly absorbent clay best suited for oil skin. It is a fine powder, odorless and tasteless, insoluble in water, swelling to about eight times its weight when water is added. Bentonite powder is added to soap at trace to help oily skin or as an additive in shaving soap (1T per #of soap). In masks it's not normally used as the predominant clay due to it's ability to absorb large quantities of water (thus making the mask product take a very long time to dry). It is, however, used in smaller quantities to make mask products more elastic. Clay masks will draw out impurities and toxins and may help with acne and similar skin conditions. Also used to suspend pigments, thicken lotions and absorb oil.

Rose Clay has a beautiful dusty rose color and is used in face masks, soaps and colored cosmetics. It derives its color from the iron oxide content in this clay and is also known as pink kaolin. Rose clay or pink clay is a mild clay which will gently cleanse and exfoliate the skin. A facial mask may be used once a week to draw out toxins and impurities from the skin. Rose clay may be used to naturally color soaps.

Rich sea clay is a dark clay ideal for face masks and mud mask applications. Its color ranges from light gray/green to dark gray. Due to its high content of minerals, sea clay draws oils from the skin, and is rich in algaes, macro- and micro-minerals, as well as sodium and sulphur. Sea plants, seawater, sea salt and oceanic clay have long been popular physical-therapy ingredients in Europe. Recommended as medical therapeutic agents as early as 1578, seawater and sea derivatives were administered for rheumatism and general rehabilitation. If you will search online, you will come across a couple of companies which supply spas and salons with expensive body wrap products and you will see that sea clay is an important ingredient in body wraps to lose inches and cellulite. Sea clay is also recommended for use on horses to apply on minor cuts, scabs and so on. For horses it may be used after strenuous workouts (cold to cool and tighten legs and muscles, to pack hooves and cool them after work on hard ground) (warm to reduce stiffness and maintain mobility, to relax and soothe tired muscles). Please consult a veterinarian prior to treating any animals.

Arrowroot powder (Maranta arundinaceae), a/k/a Indian Arrowroot, Maranta Indica, Maranta ramosissima, Maranta Starch, Araruta or Bermuda Arrowroot. Produced from the fecula or starch of the rhizome. Arrowroot is the edible starch of several tropical plant roots. The root is peeled and grated into water, and the fine-textured starch is extracted. It can be useful as a thickener in healthcare diets where blandness and digestibility are of particular importance. Arrowroot is used in toiletries primarily for making body powder and baby powder, along with other ingredients.

Benzoin gum (Styrax benzoin)s, powder, Sumatra. Often used as an incense or for an incense base. In medicine, its been known to relieve shingles, ringworm and other skin sores and disorders. Since this gum is rather bitter it is seldom used internally. Useful for croup when small amount is added to water and the steam inhaled. Can apply dry or as a paste to small cuts or on chapped or blistered skin. Some persons consider Benzoin a skin sensitizer, please do your research before you use it. Benzoin is also used as a fixative in potpourri and toiletries.

Black Walnut (Juglans nigra), powdered hull, U.S. A thick green hull covers the actual walnut. This hull has to be removed to reveal the hard, wrinkled shell beneath. A dark, oily substance is between the hull and the shell. Walnut hulls are used to make dyes. The hulls can be boiled in water to make a deep brown, almost black dye. Besides making a dye, the boiled hull of the walnut can be used as a medicine by rubbing the affected skin with the pulverized leaves. It has been used extensively for the treatment of ringworm. The dark liquid is boiled down to make a thick poultice-like substance and this is applied to the area affected. Black walnut hull is widely known for its anti-parasitic qualities. Through the ages it has been used to rid the bowel of parasites such as tapeworms. It is also used as an antifungal in cases of Candida yeast, ringworm, athlete's foot and thrush. The powder can be used to brush teeth to remove plaque and restore tooth enamel, although it may also darken teeth. Its astringent properties helps tighten gums, hemorrhoids. This herb is toxic to horses! Check with your vet before using to treat animals. May stop lactation, use caution if nursing.

Calendula (Calendula officinalis), dried whole flower, Egypt. Also known as Maravilla, Souci, Pot Marigold, Golds and Ruddles. The carotenoid-rich yellow to orange petals of this annual daisy were once used to color butter, cheeses, and custards, to thicken soups, to add a pleasant, spicy taste to salads, and to substitute for expensive imported saffron. The petals also yield a dye for fabric, hair or toiletries. Wide-ranging medicinal claims have been made for its petals, but little research has tested these assertions. The petals have been found to be anti-inflammatory, however. Carotenoids provide the distinct yellow to orange of the petals (beta-carotene, lycopene, violaxanthin and lutein). The petals can be used whole or cut in toiletries such as scrubs, soaps or bath salts. The infused oil is highly recommended for dry, mature skin as well as for skin sores, diaper rash and sunburn. The infused oil may be applied directly on the skin or may be added to handcrafted soaps and toiletries.

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), flower, whole, Egypt, a/k/a German chamomile, Hungarian chamomile, and Manzanilla, not to be confused with Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). The chamazulene in this flower has antiallergenic and anti-inflammatory properties and it works along with other components against inflammation, allergies, muscle spasms and certain fungi and bacteria. Ingesting Roman chamomile sometimes induces allergic responses in ragweed-sensitive individuals, but such responses are rare for German chamomile. The fresh plant is strongly and agreeably aromatic, with a distinct scent of apples - a characteristic noted by the Greeks, on account of which they named it 'ground-apple' - kamai (on the ground) and melon (an apple) - the origin of the name Chamomile. The Spaniards call it 'Manzanilla' which signifies 'a little apple,' and give the same name to one of their lightest sherries, flavored with this plant. Among its properties are tonic, achic, anodyne and antispasmodic. The official preparations are a decoction, an infusion, the extract and the oil. Apart from their employment internally, Chamomile flowers are also extensively used by themselves, or combined with an equal quantity of crushed poppy-heads (not seeds), as a poultice and fomentation for external swelling, inflammatory pain or congested neuralgia, and will relieve where other remedies have failed, proving invaluable for reducing swellings of the face caused through abscesses. Bags may be loosely stuffed with flowers and steeped well in boiling water before being applied as a fomentation. The antiseptic powers of Chamomile are stated to be 120 times stronger than sea-water.

Colloidal Oatmeal (Avena sativa) is not intended for a saucepan on the stove. Instead, this natural product is more suited to the water in the bathtub, where it helps soothe and soften dry skin and relieve itchy skin rashes.

When combined with a liquid, this special form of oatmeal acts like a colloid (hence its name). This means that when molecules (the tiny particles of the grain, in this case) spread through another medium (i.e., the bath water), they permanently change the consistency of that medium (meaning that they totally mix in). The beauty of a colloidal oatmeal bath, therefore, is that the oatmeal particles don't all sink to the bottom of the tub.

To produce colloidal oatmeal, the oats themselves are very finely ground--pulverized, in fact. This enables the grain to readily absorb liquid. When the colloidal oatmeal is added to bath water, it almost instantly gives a slightly milky, almost slimy consistency to the water--which then coats the skin, moisturizing, softening, and protecting it. The emollient, or skin-softening, properties of oat products come from ingredients in the oatmeal such as cellulose and fiber.

Eczema (dry skin patches) will likely respond well to colloidal oatmeal bath treatments, as will skin conditions such as chickenpox and shingles. Insect bites, sores, and other minor skin irritations may feel soothed in such a bath, too.

Kelp Algae Seaweed. High in vitamins A, B2, B3, C, D, E. All-natural cosmetic additive. Thought to be world's most complete and natural skin care ingredient, containing an extraordinary array of minerals & vitamins.

Hydrolyzed Silk Amino Acids. Wonderfully silky moisturizing additive for your lotion, soap, and gel.

Comfrey Leaf (Symphytum officinale), cut and sifted, USA, a/k/a Knitbone, Knitback, Bruisewort and Boneset. Formerly country people cultivated comfrey in their gardens for its virtue in wound healing, and the many local names of the plant testify to its long reputation as a vulnerary (a healing application for wounds) herb - in the Middle Ages it was a famous remedy for broken bones. The chief and most important constituent of Comfrey root is mucilage, which it contains in great abundance, more even than Marshmallow. It also contains from 0.6 to 0.8 % of allantoin and a little tannin. For its demulcent action it has long been used in lung troubles and whooping cough. The root is more effectual than the leaves and is the part usually used in cases of coughs. It has been used for all pulmonary complaints, consumption and bleeding of the lungs. Effective for eczema and dry skin. The infused oil has been used externally for sprains, swelling and bruising. Comfrey root and leaves have been used externally as a poultice to heal boils and abscesses. Caution: In 2001 the U.S. government warned manufacturers of dietary supplements that comfrey, an herb in some of their products, is known to cause liver damage.

Flax Seed (Linum usitatissimum), whole, USA, a/k/a Linseed, used in medicine. Flax seeds, as well as the woven cloth, have been found in Egyptian tombs. The fine linen mentioned in the Bible has been satisfactorily proved to have been spun from flax. The envelope of the seed contains about 15% mucilage. The crushed seeds or linseed meal make a very useful poultice, either alone or with mustard. In ulceration and superficial or deep-seated inflammation a linseed poultice allays irritation and pain and promotes suppuration. In soapmaking, flax seeds can be used for texture and exfoliation, either whole or ground. Theyre also great for making eye and herb pillows. Several studies confirm that flaxseed can be a cholesterol-lowering agent like oat bran, fruit pectin and other food ingredients that contain soluble fibre. By packaging both omega-3 fatty acids and soluble fibre together, flaxseed presents two ingredients that favor healthy blood lipid patterns. Flaxseed contains healthy amounts of both soluble and insoluble fibre. Scientists at the American National Cancer Institute singled out flaxseed as one of six foods that deserved special study. The reason: flaxseed shows potential cancer-fighting ability. Flaxseed is one of the richest sources of lignans, a type of phytoestrogen which may protect against cancer, particularly hormone-sensitive cancers such as those of the breast and prostate.

Linden leaves (Tilia europea), flower/leaf, whole, U.K., a/k/a Tilia, Tilo. Linden is well known as a relaxing remedy for use in nervous tension. It has a reputation as a prophylactic against the development of arteriosclerosis and hypertension. It is considered to be a specific in the treatment of raised blood pressure associated with arteriosclerosis and nervous tension. Its relaxing action combined with a general effect upon the circulatory system give linden a role in the treatment of some forms of migraine. In raised blood pressure it may be used with hawthorn and European mistletoe, with hops in nervous tension and with elder flower in the common cold.

Poppy Seed (Papaver somniferum), blue, whole, Holland: These blue poppy seeds from the poppy flower provide an exfoliating action when added to soap and scrubs.

Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis [Lamiaceae]), leaf, whole, Morrocco. Thousands of years before refrigeration, ancient peoples noticed that wrapping meats in crushed rosemary leaves preserved them and imparted a fresh fragrance and pleasing flavor. To this day, the herb remains a favorite in meat dishes and its preservative ability is the basis for its use in herbal healing. Rosemarys ability to preserve meats led to the belief that it helped preserve memory. Greek students wore rosemary garlands to assist their recall. As the centuries passed, the herb was incorporated into wedding ceremonies as a symbol of spousal fidelity and into funerals to help survivors to remember the dead. Placed under ones pillow, the aromatic herb was believed to repel bad dreams. As recently as World War II, French nurses burned a mixture of rosemary leaves and juniper berries in hospital rooms as an antiseptic. Rosemary and its oils contain chemicals that are strongly antioxidant. Like most culinary herbs, rosemary may help relax the smooth muscle lining of the digestive tract (making it an antispasmodic). It may also help relieve nasal and chest congestion caused by colds, flu and allergies. Due to it antispasmodic effect it may soothe the uterus as well; however, Italian researchers have discovered that it does exactly the opposite. Pregnant women should steer clear of medicinal preparations of this herb. Other women may try the herb to bring on their periods. Rosemary has a tonic effect on the nervous sytem and is good for circulation. It reduces high blood pressure.

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PRESERVATIVES

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Products that contain as little as 0.1 percent GSE have an indefinite shelf life. In concentrations up to 1 or 2% of volume total, GSE is useful not only in preserving the product, but also in protecting the consumer from bacterial infection, as in first-aid sprays, lip-balms, and ointments. GSE will greatly extend the shelf-life of hand-crafted soaps. Using as little as 0.05%(one ounce in 16 gallons), soaps will retain color, aroma, and appearance for extended periods, even years (one soapmaker reports having bars that are three years old and they look and smell as fresh as day one). Ingredients: 60% GSE & 40% veg. glycerine.

Rosemary Oil Extract (ROE) is a food grade product. Its a thick, dark green liquid with a definite herbal aroma which prevents rancidity in products in which vegetable/plant oils have been used.

There are two classes of natural Vitamin E: tocopherols and tocotrienols. We offer you all natural low d-alpha mixed tocopherols or T-50. Tocopherols: A term used to describe the collection of all the tocopherols in Vitamin E that occur naturally in food. There are 4 types of tocopherols: d-alpha, d-beta, d-gamma and d-delta. Low d-alpha mixed tocopherols are often used to slow the onset of rancidity in fats & oils. Natural oxidants are isolated from vegetable oils and concentrated to contain a mixture of d-alpha (commonly known as Vitamin E), d-beta, d-gamma and d-delta tocopherols. T-50 is all natural, low d-alpha mixed tocopherols, has 500 mg total tocopherols, and is a brownish-red, clear, viscous oil. At proper usage levels T-50 doesnt contribute odor, taste or color to the end product. Tocopherols are natures perfect antioxidant. Tocopherols slow the onset of rancidity in fats & oils in your soaps & lotions.

Emulsifying Wax is a waxy solid prepared from Cetostearyl Alcohol containing a polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of sorbitan. Cetostearyl Alcohol (aka cetearyl alcohol) is a blend of Cetyl Alcohol and Stearyl Alcohol. These two fatty alcohols can be derived from vegetable sources, animal sources and, of course, from the earth. This wax is not treated with a detergent.

Stearic acid occurs naturally in butter acids, tallow, and other animal fats and oils. A white waxy natural fatty acid, it is the major ingredient used in making bar soap and lubricants and gives pearliness to hand creams. Its also used to thicken lotions. Our is vegetable based, either from palm or coconut, and is white and granulated. Stearic acid, sometimes referred to as stearin, is a non-toxic additive that increases the opacity and hardness of candles. It will also brighten colors in dyed candles. Candles will burn longer and have an improved surface when stearic acid is used.

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MILK POWDERS

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Goats milk has been recognized as a natural emollient for centuries. Goats milk helps soothe and moisturize the skin. It contains important vitamins such as A, B6, B12 and E. Goats milk has 3 times more beta-casein than cows milk. Caseins are easily absorbed into the skin and allow for quick hydration of dry skin. The content of triglycerides, capric, caprylic and caproic acid helps balance the skins natural pH and promotes natural exfoliation of dry skin. Goats milk, therefore, is an excellent ingredient to include in bath soaks, soaps, creams and lotions.

Milk has been used in skin care for thousands of years. Milk powder is used to make milk baths, bath bombs, milk soaps and lotions. It is a natural emollient and is rich in vitamins and minerals, Whole milk powder soothes and moisturizes the skin and helps relieve dryness and itchy skin.

Yogurt soothes, softens and rejuvenates the skin. It acts similarly to milk and can be used in milk baths, facials, body scrubs, soaps and other skin care products.

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WAXES

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Beeswax is a natural secretion of honey bees. Beeswax has the beautiful, sweet aroma of honey and a rich, golden color. It lends emollient, softening properties to products and works as a humectant. When added to soap, beeswax lends hardness and resistance to melting.

Vegetable based emulsifying wax is used to keep the oil and water from separating in creams and lotions. The emulsifying wax is made from vegetable source fatty alcohols however, this product is not considered "all natural." It combines the emollient, emulsifying, thickening properties of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol.

INCI Nomenclature: Cetearyl Alcohol (and) Polysorbate 60 (and) PEG-150 Stearate (and) Steareth-20